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Meal replacement shakes have strong evidence for short-term weight loss: Heymsfield et al. (2003, Cochrane-level meta-analysis) found meal replacements produced 2.54 kg more weight loss at 3 months than conventional diets. NHS Very Low Calorie Diet programmes (800 kcal/day total meal replacements) produce ~10–15 kg in 12 weeks. The key variable is calorie content and protein adequacy — not brand-specific ingredients. This article covers types, evidence, and what to look for.